This paper explores the visual and verbal translation of Mediterranean myths. It analyzes a diachronic corpus of mermaids and sirens in narrative and their pictorial representations. It critically examines inter-linguistic translations and inter-semiotic translation in Western narrative, form the Odyssey to Botticelli’s paintings, and modern Italian literature (Malaparte, Tomasi di Lampedusa), highliting cultural filters and lexical constraints in the translation of myths and metaphors.